Popular Struggles and Movements — Questions & Answers

Sample questions from Popular Struggles and Movements

1. Q1. The chapter argues that the resolution of democratic conflicts usually involves:

   • A.Only the use of military force
   • B.Decisions taken solely by the judiciary without public involvement
   • C.Mass mobilisation and the role of organisations such as parties, pressure groups and movement groups✓
   • D.The complete suppression of all protests
   Solution

   C is correct: democracy resolves conflicts through mass mobilisation and the organised activity of parties, pressure groups and movements. A, B and D contradict the chapter’s central thesis.

2. Q2. The movement in Nepal was primarily about the foundations of the country’s politics, while the struggle in Bolivia was about:

   • A.Establishing monarchy
   • B.One specific policy (water privatisation)✓
   • C.Joining the United Nations
   • D.Abolishing all political parties
   Solution

   B is correct: the chapter contrasts the two – Nepal’s struggle concerned the democratic foundations of the polity, Bolivia’s concerned a single policy of water privatisation. A, C and D are incorrect.

3. Q3. The struggle in Bolivia in the year 2000 is best described as a movement against:

   • A.The privatisation of water✓
   • B.The construction of a dam
   • C.A military coup
   • D.A tax on food grains
   Solution

   In Cochabamba, Bolivia, the government sold the municipal water supply to a multinational company, which sharply raised water prices; the popular struggle that followed forced the government to cancel the contract.

4. Q4. In both Nepal and Bolivia, the decisive role in the success of the popular struggles was played by:

   • A.Foreign military intervention
   • B.The complete absence of any organisation
   • C.Political organisations – parties, alliances and movement groups – that mobilised people✓
   • D.A single charismatic king
   Solution

   C is correct: the chapter stresses that in both cases political organisations (SPA and Maoists in Nepal. FEDECOR and supporting groups in Bolivia) played a decisive role in mobilising people and forcing the outcome. A, B and D are incorrect.

5. Q5. Which of the following is an example of a generic (or general) movement rather than an issue-specific one?

   • A.The environmental movement or the women’s movement that seek broad, long-term goals✓
   • B.A four-day strike called only to restore parliament in Nepal
   • C.The struggle against the Sardar Sarovar dam that began with displacement of people
   • D.The protest limited to cancelling one water contract in Cochabamba
   Solution

   A is correct: generic movements pursue broad goals over a long period (environmental, women’s movements). C, B and D are presented as issue-specific struggles.

Other Class 10 Social Science chapters